Bibliometric Analysis in the Realm of Character Education Management in the School Environment

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Character education is becoming more and more important as societies realize how important it is to raise well-rounded people with strong moral and ethical ideals.It is a crucial part of contemporary educational systems.Character education management is essential in the educational setting because it helps students build their moral fiber and become responsible citizens who make moral decisions in both their personal and professional lives.As character education becomes more prominent in educational discourse, it is critical to comprehend the intellectual landscape of the topic and how it has changed over time [1]- [4].
Character education is becoming more and more important as societies realize how important it is to raise well-rounded people with strong moral and ethical ideals.It is a crucial part of contemporary educational systems.Character education management is essential in the educational setting because it helps students build their moral fiber and become responsible citizens who make moral decisions in both their personal and professional lives.As character education becomes more prominent in educational discourse, it is critical to comprehend the intellectual landscape of the topic and how it has changed over time [5]- [10].
Through the lens of bibliometric analysis, this study aims to investigate character education management in the context of the educational setting.A potent technique for mapping and statistically evaluating the intellectual output of a given subject is bibliometric analysis, which looks at publications, citations, authorship trends, and study themes.Our objective is to conduct a systematic analysis of the current literature on character education management through the application of bibliometric methodologies.This will allow us to identify significant authors, publications, and institutions, as well as research gaps and trends.
Through the lens of bibliometric analysis, this study aims to investigate character education management in the context of the educational setting.A potent technique for mapping and statistically evaluating the intellectual output of a given subject is bibliometric analysis, which looks at publications, citations, authorship trends, and study themes.Our objective is to conduct a systematic analysis of the current literature on character education management through the application of bibliometric methodologies.This will allow us to identify significant authors, publications, and institutions, as well as research gaps and trends.

The Concept of Character Education
The foundation of character education is the idea that teaching should foster moral qualities, values, and ethical concepts in pupils in addition to academic knowledge.The goal of character education is to cultivate virtues like integrity, empathy, citizenship, accountability, and respect in order to provide people the skills they need to live moral lives and make meaningful contributions to society.The idea that schools should develop students' moral and ethical character in addition to preparing them for academic achievement is consistent with this holistic approach to education [11]- [14].

Historical Development
Character education is a notion with a long history that may be traced back to ancient religious and philosophical traditions.Philosophers such as Aristotle highlighted the value of moral virtue in education back in ancient Greece.Comparably, moral and ethical teachings have long been a part of the educational procedures of many religious systems.Character education has seen phases of popularity and neglect in more recent history, frequently as a result of societal and cultural changes [15]- [20].
Concerns about moral values eroding, character-related challenges, and the need to equip students for responsible citizenship in a world growing more complicated are all factors contributing to the late 20th and early 21st centuries' renewed interest in character education.A variety of character education models and techniques have been developed inside educational institutions as a result of this heightened focus [7], [21].

Theoretical Frameworks
A variety of theoretical frameworks and viewpoints, each focusing on a distinct facet of character development, inform character education.The following are a few well-known theories and models in character education: The idea of Lawrence Kohlberg suggests that moral development happens in phases, moving from a self-interested perspective to a morally principled one.Kohlberg's stages are frequently used by character education programs to provide ageappropriate treatments that foster moral development.
Aristotelian and other philosophers have left their mark on virtue ethics, which places a strong emphasis on developing virtues.Programs for character education that are based in virtue ethics seek to help pupils acquire qualities like bravery, honesty, and empathy [13], [22].
The development of interpersonal and emotional intelligence is the main goal of social-emotional learning.Character education is a component of many SEL programs, teaching kids how to control their emotions, form wholesome relationships, and make moral judgments.Values clarification techniques foster self-awareness and moral decision-making by encouraging pupils to investigate their own values and beliefs.Students who participate in these programs gain an understanding of how their own beliefs relate to those of society [23]- [26].

Implementation in the School Environment
Character education programs can vary widely in their implementation.They may take the form of standalone courses, integrated curricula, or schoolwide initiatives.The effectiveness of character education largely depends on factors such as curriculum design, teacher training, parental involvement, and the broader school culture.The scholarly literature on character education management encompasses a diverse array of research topics and methodologies.Researchers have examined the impact of character education on students' academic achievement, behavior, and character development.Evaluative studies often employ both quantitative and qualitative methods to assess program outcomes and effectiveness.

Database Selection
The first step in conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis is to identify and select appropriate databases.Given the multidisciplinary nature of character education management, various databases will be used to ensure a broad coverage of relevant literature.The databases selected for this study include: ERIC is a major source for educationrelated research, which includes repositories of scholarly articles, reports, and conference papers relevant to character education management.Although dedicated primarily to biomedical research, PubMed also has a sizable collection of educational literature, making it a valuable source for publications related to character education.Scopus offers comprehensive coverage of academic journals, conference proceedings, and citations across a wide range of disciplines, including education, thus providing a rich data set for bibliometric analysis.Renowned for its citation indexing capabilities, Web of Science is a valuable resource for tracking citation patterns and identifying influential articles and authors in character education management.
To ensure the retrieval of relevant articles, a well-structured search strategy will be developed.The search query will incorporate a controlled combination of keywords and vocabulary terms to capture a comprehensive set of articles related to character education management.The following keywords and phrases will be considered: "Character education", "Moral education", "Ethics education", "School management", "Educational leadership", "Character development" and "School environment" through the help of Publish or Perish (PoP) software accessed on August 14, 2023.To effectively analyze and visualize the collected bibliometric data, we will use VOSviewer, a widely used software for creating visual representations of bibliometric networks [27].The following steps will be taken to perform data analysis using VOSviewer: VOSviewer is used to conduct a co-authorship analysis, which involves identifying collaboration networks among authors in the field of character education management.This analysis will reveal prolific authors and research clusters.Citation analysis is a fundamental aspect of bibliometrics.VOSviewer will be used to create a citation network, which allows us to identify widely cited articles, important works, and the flow of citations between publications.This analysis will help in identifying influential articles and authors.Keyword co-occurrence analysis in VOSviewer will enable the identification of common themes and research clusters in the character education management literature.This analysis helps reveal existing research trends and themes.Eleven principles of effective character education 865 [30] Moral education and character education: Their relationship and roles in citizenship education 827 [13] Positive youth development in the United States: History, efficacy, and links to moral and character education 686 [12] How not to teach values: A critical look at character education 632 [31] Based character education 434 [14] The relationship of character education implementation and academic achievement in elementary schools 364 [32] Emphasizing morals, values, ethics, and character education in science education and science teaching 358 [33] Politics of character education 339 [6] The meaning of role modelling in moral and character education Source : Data analys from authors (2023) These highly cited articles represent a diverse range of topics and perspectives within the field of character education management.They have collectively shaped the discourse, guided educational practices, and advanced the understanding of character development in the school environment.The enduring influence of these works underscores their significance in the scholarly landscape of character education.

CONCLUSION
Character education management is a dynamic and evolving field within the educational landscape, emphasizing the cultivation of ethical values, virtues, and responsible citizenship in students.This comprehensive bibliometric analysis has illuminated key aspects of character education research, offering valuable insights and implications.The study has revealed a significant increase in research output, highlighting character education's growing recognition and relevance.Prominent journals and prolific authors have played instrumental roles in advancing the discourse and dissemination of knowledge in the field.
Highly cited articles have provided foundational guidance for character education programs, while thematic clusters have showcased diverse research areas, including character development in religious education, the impact of character education during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the integration of character education with global citizenship and social-emotional learning.These findings underscore the multidisciplinary nature of character education management and its potential to address contemporary educational challenges.Educators, policymakers, and researchers can leverage these insights to enhance character development practices in schools, promote ethical values, and foster responsible citizenship among students.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Mapping Results by Vosviewers (2023) We present the results of our bibliometric analysis on character education management in the school environment.The analysis utilized a range of databases, search strategies, and data collection procedures, as outlined in the previous sections.We employed VOSviewer, a powerful

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Research Trend by Vosviewers(2023) Our analysis revealed a substantial growth in the scholarly output related to character education management in the school environment over the past two decades.The publication trends demonstrate an increasing interest in this field, with a notable upsurge in the last five years.This suggests that character education is gaining recognition as a vital aspect of education.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Cluster Identity by Vosviewers (2023) These clusters and their associated keywords offer a comprehensive view of the diverse research landscape within character education management.The findings provide directions for further research, program development, and policy formulation, ultimately contributing to the cultivation of ethical and responsible individuals within the school environment.
Cluster 4 underscores the need for flexible character education strategies that can adapt to crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.Cluster 5 emphasizes the importance of leadership in character education program implementation and the need for effective program design and evaluation.Cluster 6 highlights the significance of classroom-level character education and the challenges faced in classroom environments.Policymakers may consider the importance of character education in early childhood, as emphasized in Cluster 7. Cluster 8 encourages the incorporation of local wisdom and cultural factors in character education planning and classroom management.

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. AuthorCollaboration The co-authorship networks revealed collaborative clusters of researchers.These clusters represent groups of authors who frequently collaborate on character education management research projects.Collaboration is essential for knowledge dissemination and the advancement of the field.