Effective Strategies in Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Age Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/wsis.v2i04.785Keywords:
Critical Thinking Skills, Elementary School-Age Children, Learning StrategiesAbstract
This study aims to identify and evaluate effective strategies in developing critical thinking skills in elementary school-age children through a literature review method. Taking into account the complexity of cognitive development at this stage, this study investigates various learning strategies that are suitable for the characteristics of elementary school-age children. Through in-depth analysis of relevant literature, this study identifies that the use of stories or fairy tales, problem-based approaches, and social interaction are effective strategies in developing critical thinking skills in elementary school-age children. Stories and fairy tales can stimulate children's imagination and reflection, while the problem-based approach encourages them to identify and solve problems critically. Social interactions, such as group discussions and teamwork, also help expand children's perspectives and hone their critical thinking skills. This study provides insights into the importance of developing critical thinking skills in elementary school-age children and offers practical guidance for educators and policymakers in designing effective learning strategies.
References
F. A. D’Alessio, B. E. Avolio, and V. Charles, “Studying the impact of critical thinking on the academic performance of executive MBA students,” Think. Ski. Creat., vol. 31, pp. 275–283, 2019.
M. M. Rahman, “21st century skill’problem solving’: Defining the concept,” Rahman, MM (2019). 21st Century Ski. “Problem Solving” Defin. Concept. Asian J. Interdiscip. Res., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 64–74, 2019.
J. Siburian, A. D. Corebima, and M. Saptasari, “The correlation between critical and creative thinking skills on cognitive learning results,” Eurasian J. Educ. Res., vol. 19, no. 81, pp. 99–114, 2019.
N. Behnamnia, A. Kamsin, M. A. B. Ismail, and A. Hayati, “The effective components of creativity in digital game-based learning among young children: A case study,” Child. Youth Serv. Rev., vol. 116, p. 105227, 2020.
I. Z. Ichsan, D. V. Sigit, M. Miarsyah, A. Ali, W. P. Arif, and T. A. Prayitno, “HOTS-AEP: higher order thinking skills from elementary to master students in environmental learning.,” Eur. J. Educ. Res., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 935–942, 2019.
J. Zwiers and M. Crawford, Academic conversations: Classroom talk that fosters critical thinking and content understandings. Routledge, 2023.
H. Retnawati, H. Djidu, A. Kartianom, and R. D. Anazifa, “Teachers’ knowledge about higher-order thinking skills and its learning strategy,” Probl. Educ. 21st Century, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 215, 2018.
D. Kuhn, “Critical thinking as discourse,” Hum. Dev., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 146–164, 2019.
S. M. Wechsler et al., “Creative and critical thinking: Independent or overlapping components?,” Think. Ski. Creat., vol. 27, pp. 114–122, 2018.
R. Paul and L. Elder, The miniature guide to critical thinking concepts and tools. Rowman & Littlefield, 2019.
S. Cottrell, Critical thinking skills: Effective analysis, argument and reflection. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2023.
N. J. Alsaleh, “Teaching Critical Thinking Skills: Literature Review.,” Turkish Online J. Educ. Technol., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 21–39, 2020.
K. Changwong, A. Sukkamart, and B. Sisan, “Critical thinking skill development: Analysis of a new learning management model for Thai high schools,” J. Int. Stud., vol. 11, no. 2, 2018.
I. Warsah, R. Morganna, M. Uyun, M. Afandi, and H. Hamengkubuwono, “The impact of collaborative learning on learners’ critical thinking skills,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 443–460, 2021.
D. Pranata, I. P. A. D. Hita, R. R. Pratama, R. H. Ali, W. Suwanto, and E. Ariestika, “The Role of Coaches in Increasing Student Motivation Through Basketball Games in Schools (A Review of Literature Studies),” Hal. Olahraga Nusant. J. Ilmu Keolahragaan, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 568–580, 2023.
M. D. Saputra, S. Joyoatmojo, D. K. Wardani, and K. B. Sangka, “Developing critical-thinking skills through the collaboration of jigsaw model with problem-based learning model.,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1077–1094, 2019.
A. Ramdani, A. W. Jufri, G. Gunawan, M. Fahrurrozi, and M. Yustiqvar, “Analysis of students’ critical thinking skills in terms of gender using science teaching materials based on the 5E learning cycle integrated with local wisdom,” J. Pendidik. IPA Indones., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 187–199, 2021.
H. Basri and A. R. As’ ari, “Investigating Critical Thinking Skill of Junior High School in Solving Mathematical Problem.,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 745–758, 2019.
A. Sutiani, “Implementation of an inquiry learning model with science literacy to improve student critical thinking skills,” Int. J. Instr., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 117–138, 2021.
S. E. Saleh, “Critical thinking as a 21st century skill: conceptions, implementation and challenges in the EFL classroom,” Eur. J. Foreign Lang. Teach., 2019.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rina Susanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.